Bash Related Commands
Clear the terminal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
clear \/ ctrl + l
Close the terminal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
exit \/ ctrl + d
Reset the terminal<\/p>\n\n\n\n
reset
Stop any program<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ctrl + c
Sleep any program<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ctrl + z
Check the history<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ctrl + r \/ history
Check last 30 commands<\/p>\n\n\n\n
history | tail -30
Autocomplete Filename or Folder name<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tab
Autocomplete command<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tab twice
Autocomplete command with options<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tab three times
System Related Commands
Dabian Based Systems
Update the system<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt update<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt-get update
Upgrade the system<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt upgrade<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt-get upgrade
Install a package<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt install package_name<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt-get install package_name
Remove a package<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt remove package_name<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt-get remove package_name
Remove a package and its dependencies<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt autoremove package_name<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo apt autoremove package_name
Search for a package<\/p>\n\n\n\n
apt search package_name
List all installed packages<\/p>\n\n\n\n
apt list –installed
List all available packages<\/p>\n\n\n\n
apt list
List all available packages with version<\/p>\n\n\n\n
apt list –all-versions
Arch Based Systems
Update the system<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo pacman -Syyu
Install a package<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo pacman -S package_name
Remove a package<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo pacman -R package_name
Search for a package<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pacman -Ss package_name
List all installed packages<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pacman -Q
List all available packages<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pacman -Ss
More to come
Check the internet is working<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ping google.com
Check System and Kernel version<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uname -a
Check System version<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat \/etc\/os-release
Check Kernel<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uname -r
Check hostname<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hostname
Check IP address<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ip addr
Check IP address (short)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ip a
Check IP address (long)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ip address
See user logged in<\/p>\n\n\n\n
who
See username<\/p>\n\n\n\n
whoami
Short information of logged in user<\/p>\n\n\n\n
users
See all users<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat \/etc\/passwd
See all groups<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat \/etc\/group
See all groups of a user<\/p>\n\n\n\n
groups username
See all users of a group<\/p>\n\n\n\n
getent group groupname
Reboot the system<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo reboot
Shutdown the system<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo shutdown -h now \/ sudo poweroff \/ sudo halt \/ sudo init 0 \/ sudo systemctl poweroff
Check the current date and time<\/p>\n\n\n\n
date
Check the current user<\/p>\n\n\n\n
whoami
Check the current user’s home directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo $HOME
Check the current user’s shell<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo $SHELL
Check the current user’s path \/ executable paths of system<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo $PATH
Check the current user’s environment variables<\/p>\n\n\n\n
env
Check the current user’s environment variables with values<\/p>\n\n\n\n
env | grep -i “variable_name”
Check the current user’s environment variables with values in a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
env > env.txt
Check the current user’s environment variables with values in a file with root access<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo env > env.txt
See the top 10 processes<\/p>\n\n\n\n
top
See the top 10 processes with root access and sorted by memory usage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo top -o %MEM
See the top 10 processes with root access and sorted by cpu usage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo top -o %CPU
See the top 10 processes with root access and sorted by cpu usage and memory usage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo top -o %CPU,%MEM
See the top 10 processes with root access and sorted by cpu usage and memory usage and show only the process id and the process name<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo top -o %CPU,%MEM -p -c
See the current running processes<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ps
See the current running processes in a tree format<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pstree
Kill a specific process<\/p>\n\n\n\n
killall ProcessName
See the system uptime<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uptime
See the system uptime in a specific format<\/p>\n\n\n\n
uptime -p
See the system monitor<\/p>\n\n\n\n
htop
See the system monitor with root access and sorted by memory usage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo htop -o %MEM
See the system monitor with root access and sorted by cpu usage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo htop -o %CPU
See the system monitor with root access and sorted by cpu usage and memory usage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo htop -o %CPU,%MEM
See the system monitor with root access and sorted by cpu usage and memory usage and show only the process id and the process name<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo htop -o %CPU,%MEM -p -c
See the system monitor with root access and sorted by cpu usage and memory usage and show only the process id and the process name and show the process tree<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo htop -o %CPU,%MEM -p -c -t
Hardware Related Commands
See the system’s hardware information<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo lshw
See the system’s hardware information in a specific format<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo lshw -short
See the system’s hardware information in a specific format and show only the network devices<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo lshw -short -C network
See the system’s hardware information in a specific format and show only the network devices and show the network devices in a tree format<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo lshw -short -C network -class network -tree
Check the system’s memory usage<\/p>\n\n\n\n
free -h
Check CPU information<\/p>\n\n\n\n
lscpu
Check Memory information<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo dmidecode -t memory
Check Disk information<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo dmidecode -t memory
Check USB information<\/p>\n\n\n\n
lsusb
Check PCI information<\/p>\n\n\n\n
lspci
Check Partitions<\/p>\n\n\n\n
lsblk
Check Partitions with root access<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo lsblk
Check Partitions with root access and show only the partitions<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo lsblk -p
Check Partitions with root access and show only the partitions and show the partitions in a tree format<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo lsblk -p -t
Mount a partition<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo mount \/dev\/sda1 \/mnt
Unmount a partition<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo umount \/dev\/sda1
Mount a partition with root access and show only the partitions and show the partitions in a tree format<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo lsblk -p -t
Read Write Mount a partition<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo mount -o rw \/dev\/sda1 \/mnt
File \/ Directory Related Commands
Create a new directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mkdir directory-name
Create a new file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
touch file-name
Create multiple directories at a time<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3 dir4 dir5
Create multiple files at a time<\/p>\n\n\n\n
touch index.html style.css script.js
Delete a directory with all it’s child<\/p>\n\n\n\n
rm -rf directory-name
Delete a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
rm filename
List down all the files and directories<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ls
List down all the files and directories with all the details<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ls -l
List down all the files and directories with all the details and hidden files<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ls -la
List down all the files and directories with all the details and hidden files and sort by size<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ls -lS
List down all the files and directories with all the details and hidden files and sort by time<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ls -lt
List down all the files and directories with all the details and hidden files and sort by time and reverse<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ls -ltr
List down all the files and directories with all the details and hidden files and sort by time and reverse and show only 10 files<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ls -ltr | head -10
Open a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat filename
Open a file with line numbers<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat -n filename
Open a file with line numbers and show only 10 lines<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cat -n filename | head -10
Open a file using vim<\/p>\n\n\n\n
vim filename
Open a file using vim and show only 10 lines<\/p>\n\n\n\n
vim +10 filename
Open a file using nano<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nano filename
Open a file using nano and show only 10 lines<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nano +10 filename
Open a file using gedit<\/p>\n\n\n\n
gedit filename
Count the number of lines in a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
wc -l filename
Print the current working directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pwd
Change the current working directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cd directory-name
Change the current working directory to the home directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cd ~
Change the current working directory to the parent directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cd ..
Change the current working directory to the root directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cd \/
Copy a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cp filename newfilename
Copy a file to a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cp filename directory-name
Copy a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cp -r directory-name newdirectory-name
Copy a directory to a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
cp -r directory-name directory-name
Move a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mv filename newfilename
Move a file to a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mv filename directory-name
Move a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mv -r directory-name newdirectory-name
Move a directory to a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mv -r directory-name directory-name
Rename a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mv filename newfilename
Rename a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
mv directory-name newdirectory-name
Create a symbolic link<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ln -s filename linkname
Create a hard link<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ln filename linkname
Create a hard link to a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ln -r directory-name linkname
Create a symbolic link to a directory<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ln -sr directory-name linkname
Create a file with content<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo “Hello World” > filename
Append content to a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo “Hello World” >> filename
Create a file with content and open it using vim<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo “Hello World” > filename && vim filename
Create a file with content and open it using nano<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo “Hello World” > filename && nano filename
Create a file with content and open it using gedit<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo “Hello World” > filename && gedit filename
Create a file with content and open it using cat<\/p>\n\n\n\n
echo “Hello World” > filename && cat filename
Create a .tar file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tar -cvf filename.tar directory-name
Create a .tar.gz file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tar -cvzf filename.tar.gz directory-name
Create a .zip file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
zip -r filename.zip directory-name
Extract a .tar file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tar -xvf filename.tar
Extract a .tar.gz file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tar -xvzf filename.tar.gz
Extract a .zip file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
unzip filename.zip
Find a file<\/p>\n\n\n\n
find . -name filename<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bash Related CommandsClear the terminal clear \/ ctrl + lClose the terminal exit \/ ctrl + dReset the terminal resetStop any program ctrl + cSleep any program ctrl + zCheck the history ctrl + r \/ historyCheck last 30 commands history | tail -30Autocomplete Filename or Folder name TabAutocomplete command Tab twiceAutocomplete command with options […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3168,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[119],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-website"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1106"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arifbillah.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}